Globally, nearly 690 million people face still hunger today. One of the troubling causes of food security is climate change, increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme events such as floods and droughts. In fact, guaranteeing food security while maintaining sustainable water resources is one of the most vital challenges faced today.

The reason for the focus on agriculture is because the industry is responsible for about 70 percent of global freshwater consumption for economic purposes.  

It is therefore vital to develop systems that can accurately monitor water productivity in agriculture. This can lead to improved water usage and long-term sustainable practices. The adoption of internet of things (IoT) technology for smart water solutions can prove extremely useful. 

What kind of smart water sensors are used in agriculture? 

Smart water sensors in agriculture predominantly serve 2 key functions, as: 

• Irrigation sensors – These monitor the flow of water and pressure in farm irrigation systems for efficient water usage and leak prevention

• Soil sensors – These measure the moisture levels in the soil to optimize irrigation for optimal root health and prevent overwatering for sensitive crops  

Sensors can also measure pH levels in the water and soil to ensure optimal growing conditions for crops. They also prevent contamination through early detection, for optimal crop growth. 

In addition to water monitoring sensors, there are other sensors that work in conjunction to streamline agriculture practices.

Temperature sensors:  

• Monitor the air and soil temperature to predict weather patterns and optimize crop growth and harvesting times 

• Monitor the temperature of different livestock to ensure optimal health and prevent the spread of disease 

Light sensors: 

• Record the amount of sunlight that crops get to obtain the best crop yields and assist with planning  

Humidity sensors:  

• Measure the humidity levels in the air to monitor evapotranspiration and disease models to prevent fungal diseases and pests 

Motion sensors:  

• Monitor the movement and activity of livestock to detect early signs of illness or stress 

Remote sensors for real-time insights 

Remote sensors and systems offer unprecedented opportunities to monitor urban and rural water productivity in large areas and in near-real time.  

Data collected from smart water sensors can also be used to help farmers obtain consistent yields and improve their livelihoods. Research has since shown that farms with some form of water management can produce yields that are three or more times higher.  

Additionally, reliable information from soil moisture sensors accurately reflects the condition of food crops. This can address relevant issues tailored specifically to local contexts including the prevention and mitigation of extreme weather conditions.  

IoT technology and constant connectivity, even in the most rural agricultural areas, are vital for building resilience against increased risks in food systems. 

Insights at all levels 

Data can also benefit government agencies wishing to modernize irrigation systems or promote the efficient use of natural resources. Policymakers can use data in evidence-based to refine decision processes on issues such water allocation strategies in a changing climate.  

Similarly, researchers can tap into the wealth of seamless spatial data and time series to monitor changing climate conditions, while end users such as farming communities benefit from the development of problem-focused applications. 

Conclusion 

The adoption and implementation of IoT in agriculture demonstrates clear benefits for effective water management, mitigating the effects of climate change, and more. 

However, planning, implementing and managing your own IoT fleet of sensors can still be a daunting task. One that begins with selecting a trusted IoT connectivity provider that can provide seamless and easily scalable solutions that are tailored to your specific agricultural needs. 

For more information surrounding cellular IoT connectivity and solutions, try out our IoT/M2M SIMs (eUICC enabled SIMs and eSIMs) today. Set yourself apart from other deployments today by scheduling a one-on-one meeting with us.